If we take advantage
of our climate, on a damp zone we can turn our humid field on a marshy garden. If
we are on a desert zone, we should work with drought-resistant plants.
If despite our
climatic zone we want a different field plan of the garden, we should use a
drainage system for humid fields or an irrigation system for desert fields.
Drainage Systems
A bad drainage of our
gardens limits the kind of plants that can be grown. The bad drainage favors
the appearance of bacteriums and fungus diseases, or even the appearance of
lichens and moss on the grass.
If the ground retains
water naturally, or the ground water table is high, the installation of ground
drainages is required.
The next pictures are
of a work I did in my garden. The ground type is clayey and in winter it rains
a lot and sometimes my garden floods, making it impassable. This
means drowning and diseases problems for the plants.
I decided to put a
drainage system with a buried PVC pipe. The next materials were necessary:
- String for marking the excavation line.
- Spade and hoe for excavation works.
- Hand Drill for making holes on the manhole.
- Geotextile cloth to avoid that land remains and the
roots of trees block the drainage pipes.
- Ø62,4”
PVC perforated pipe.
-
Gravel
- Concrete prefabricated manhole 11,7”x11,7”
Replan with the help
of a string
Manhole excavation
Trench excavation
Placing the
geotextile cloth and the Ø62,4” PVC perforated pipe
Pipe with manhole
Gravel dumping over the pipe
Closing the net over
the trench and starting to fill in with land
Cover the trench with
land and planting grass seeds
Grass growth
Irrigation Systems
On gardens where the
ground doesn´t have enough water it will be necessary to install an irrigation
system according to their needs.
Located Irrigation System
For clumps, plants or
even pots, the better and the most efficient form is a perforated pipe system,
or one dropper.
The pipe is a discreet
color porous hose, with some spaced holes. It is put on the base of the plants
we want to irrigate. It is recommended to cover the hosepipe with pine barks or
decorative grains to prevent evaporation looses.
It is also a very
interesting system to water the orchard.
Spreading Irrigation System
The Spreading
Irrigation System spreads water on a wide area. This method involve more or
less a heavy rain with the objective of soaking the wanted area.
The irrigation
consist on a high speed stream of water that is dispersed in the air into a
drops group.
Parts tan conform the
system:
-
Pump
- Principal and secondary pipes.
-
Emitter. Sprinkler.
Advantages and disadvantages
with Irrigation Systems
Advantages:
- Reduction of the evaporation of the ground, and
savings because we irrigate only where needed.
- Possibility to automate all the irrigation system.
- We do not wet the plants avoiding future
phytosanitary problems.
- Pipes obstruction when time passes by.
Disadvantages:
-
High installation cost.
- We can add fertilizer to the water of irrigation.
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